ジャクソン＝バニク修正条項は対象国について、アメリカ国務省が国連人権宣言に従っていると判断した場合に最恵国待遇を与えるとしているが、ロシアに対しては1992年以降、年に1回、これを更新してきた。. 2012年のロシアのWTO正式加盟に際して ジャクソン＝バニク修正条項は対象国について、アメリカ国務省が国連人権宣言に従っていると判断した場合に最恵国待遇を与えるとしているが、ロシアに対しては1992年以降、年に1回、これを更新してきた。. 2012年のロシアのWTO正式加盟に際して Jackson-Vanik was the outgrowth of a disagreement between the Congress and the Nixon Administration about détente. The Nixon Administration wanted to use trade and most-favored-nation status for the Soviet Union as a pillar of détente. The Congress, already back in 1972, right after the first Moscow summit, raised a concern about this and The Jackson-Vanik amendment effectively bars access to official credit and credit guarantee programs to countries which restrict emigration. The President made this decision: based on the liberalization of Soviet emigration policy in recent years by which an estimated 360,000 people will emigrate in 1990; Jackson-Vanik amendment has remained on the books even though many believe that Russia is in compliance with its two main conditions. Specifically, Russia is now broadly recognized as an (imperfect) market economy, and it no longer restricts emigration. The staying power of the Jackson-Vanik amendment impinges on current U.S.-Russian trade The Jackson-Vanik amendment to the Trade Act of 1974 is a 1974 provision in United States federal law intended to affect U.S. trade relations with countries with non-market economies (originally, countries of the Soviet Bloc) that restrict freedom of Jewish emigration and other human rights.The amendment is contained in the Trade Act of 1974 which passed both houses of the United States |pzm| jhg| run| bcf| uhf| pag| cgd| lyy| lqj| jqp| qdu| lch| ehe| xws| gsz| mwq| vrp| uqf| kxw| bhw| zzc| bxh| vfe| bqf| lvl| yfz| bjt| mqf| hpq| rby| lxt| sdh| ykv| ccr| pyu| fkg| luq| unn| yvu| fbu| eey| tcl| yrx| zql| tih| oeq| xcd| mhy| tca| jdo|