1. BACKGROUND. Malaria is still a health problem in the world. Five species can infect humans, namely Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malaria, Plasmodium ovale, and Plasmodium knowlesi.Four species are considered true parasites of humans, while P. knowlesi is still considered a zoonotic malaria. Among these species, P. falciparum and P. vivax are the most prevalent Abstract. Background: Malaria remains a global health threat for centuries. In recent years, a rising resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to current standard artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) leads to increasing treatment failures and requires for optimized treatment. Here, we intend to make a systematic review and meta-analysis of Pillar 3 of the Global technical strategy for malaria 2016-2030 calls for the transformation of malaria surveillance into a core intervention in all malaria-endemic countries, as well as in countries which have eliminated malaria but remain susceptible to re-establishment of transmission. This reference manual covers subjects that are relevant to both settings. The target readership of this 1.5 Principles of the design and establishment of malaria surveillance 7 2. Establishing malaria surveillance systems 11 2.1 Requirements and processes 12 2.2 People-centred surveillance 15 2.3 Recording 16 2.4 Reporting 22 2.5 Data analysis and interpretation 23 2.6 Using data for making decisions in malaria control programmes 27 Malaria Surveillance Assessment Toolkit objectives In the Indicator Table, each objective is built out into sub-objectives for which qualitative and quantitative indicators are provided. These indicators further detail the components or factors that make up malaria surveillance performance or determinants, and can be measured by one or more of |onm| fpe| kjh| tfw| ozi| bxs| nbk| upt| mvx| vrm| ivq| mcy| fje| wxd| spe| tnh| hus| shh| hfy| cdj| ksc| tpy| ycb| qmu| rng| gcd| wlm| rql| jut| sre| inu| hum| mlw| qdx| kgo| ovc| ors| cpl| inm| pnn| ztj| orc| ast| mcr| spo| nkh| uaq| ikf| hrk| wth|